Archaeological finds in the region, such as rock-cut wine presses, presses and storage structures, show that wine production was already fully established in Roman times. The focus on vine cultivation responded both to the nutritional and economic role of wine and to its cultural significance, since in Roman society wine consumption was associated with prestige, urban daily life and religious practices.

Medieval documentation confirms the economic importance of wine in the area. Documents from the 14th century highlight the significance of Bargota’s wines in the region, showing how the vineyard became a pillar of the local economy. During the Middle Ages, Bargota consolidated a wine-growing tradition rooted in Roman heritage, strengthened by the influence of the Way of Saint James and by its close links with Viana. During this period, wine was not only a product for consumption or exchange, but became a central element of local identity, bringing together the economic, social and cultural life of the community.

From the 16th century onwards, vineyards gradually gained ground over other crops, shaping an agricultural landscape dominated in many areas by vines.

Throughout the municipal area, numerous dry-stone huts can be found scattered across the cultivated fields. These small constructions, now numbering more than 200, served as shelters from the sun or rain and as places to store tools and equipment. Some were used as vineyard guards’ huts, fulfilling the important task of protecting the vineyards and keeping alive the wine-growing tradition that has shaped the landscape and character of Bargota.