Origin:

The geographical origin of this vinifera variety remains uncertain. At present, it cannot be stated with absolute certainty where Garnacha originally came from. What can be confirmed, however, is the great importance it has had in the Ebro Valley since ancient times.

Origin of the variety in Navarre: Garnacha has been cultivated since ancient times throughout the Ebro Valley and, more specifically, in Navarre. It has been present in this region either as a dominant variety or as a complementary one. Before the appearance of plomo or ceniza —powdery mildew— its cultivation was residual, and it was used as a complementary grape for producing, among others, the renowned rancio wines. Its low sensitivity to powdery mildew made it the leading variety in Navarrese viticulture over the last 150 years. In addition, after the phylloxera crisis, the replanting of vineyards with red Garnacha was actively encouraged.

Current cultivation: This is one of the most widely cultivated red grape varieties worldwide.

Descendants: This variety has generated other varieties through mutations, such as Garnacha Blanca, and also through spontaneous or human-induced hybrid fertilisation, producing varieties such as Garzuela (Garnacha Tinta × Mazuelo) and Atalaya (Palomino Fino × Garnacha Tinta).

Agronomic characteristics: It is sensitive to downy mildew, botrytis and erineum mite. The clusters are medium-sized and compact. The berry is medium-sized, blue-violet in colour, with uncoloured pulp. The leaf is pale green, shiny and hairless. The leaf shape is pentagonal.

Winemaking potential: Garnacha is capable of displaying a wide range of qualitative nuances. It has been used to produce rosé wines, young red wines and red wines intended for ageing. In Navarre, it is sometimes used in blends with other varieties, mainly Tempranillo.